Glossary

In relation to moving water, situated or moving in the direction in which a stream or river flows. In relation to the oil, gas, refining and petrochemical industries, downstream relates to processing, marketing and distributing crude oil into consumer products.

The blast force generated behind a jet engine, which exists whenever a jet engine is running but is increased and extends over a greater area and at greater distance behind the engine, at high engine power settings when taxiing, before and during take-off, and during engine maintenance activity

Skin creams that often contain flammable substances such as petroleum jelly, mineral oil, lanolin or liquid paraffin

Emphysema is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that causes damage to the air sacs in the lungs

Fixed telephone line installation address or approximate mobile phone location.

The outer shell of a building, which separates the building’s interior from the outside elements. This will therefore usually comprise the roof, outer walls and floor of the building.

In aircraft fitted with an ejection system, the transparent canopy over the cockpit is jettisoned by an explosive charge prior to the ejection system launching

The police and army have specialist explosive ordnance disposal units responsible for improvised explosive device and conventional munitions disposal

Stops a user after they have fallen.

A firefighting foam that contains the hydrocarbon and fluorinated surfactant combination to create a film over the fuel surface

Fast-drying dead fuels that are less than 6mm in diameter. Fine fuels ignite readily and are rapidly consumed by fire when dry. Examples of fine fuels include grass, leaves, ferns, mosses, pine needles and small twigs.

The fire load, or fuel load is the total amount of heat energy that is available to be released in a fire

The lowest temperature at which the rate of supply of fuel gases, by evaporation, can sustain a flame

A means of supplying suitable electrical power using a permanent installation at a stand being occupied by stationary aircraft

A command and control facility near the scene of the incident, used for establishing immediate direction, deployment and security

An alternating (AC) or direct (DC) current motor that produces less than one horsepower with an output rating of 746 watts or less. They are used in precision equipment.

Protective clothing worn to protect emergency responders and chemical workers from dangerous and toxic chemicals in liquid or gaseous form

Medical responders can score a person’s level of consciousness using a tool called the Glasgow Coma Scale, which assesses eye opening, verbal response to a command and voluntary movements in response to a command

Used as a component in vehicle construction

The GHS is a single worldwide system for classifying and communicating the hazardous properties of industrial and consumer chemicals. GHS sits alongside the UN ‘Transport of Dangerous Goods’ system.

This includes: 

• Defra “ Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs 

• DAERA “ Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs 

• Scottish Government Agriculture and Rural Economy Directorate

Any fuel below the surface fuel layer, normally within the soil. Examples of ground fuels include organic matter, tree roots, shrub roots, rotting wood and peat.

A mobile power unit used by stationary aircraft